It was first adopted on December 12, 1963—about two months after achieving independence from the United Kingdom. It is based on the flag of KANU (Kenya African National Union), the party that led the fight for freedom. The flag’s colors symbolize their native people (black), blood (red) and Kenya’s natural wealth (green). Upon achieving independence, the white trim around the red stripe was added, symbolizing peace. The defense of their freedom is symbolized by a traditional shield and two spears of the Masai.
The Masai (also spelled ‘Maasai’) are by far Africa’s most famous tribe. Unlike most other Kenyan tribes they, together with the Turkana and Samburu (who are closely related to the Masai) have remained in their traditional ways—living like their ancestors have been doing for thousands of years. This is contrary to most other Kenyan tribes, who have adapted more western lifestyles.
They are very independent and their society revolves around each generation of men producing warriors. Their customs are very specific, and involve many “coming of age” rituals (for both men and women). The men protect the villages and livestock while the women build the houses and maintain the households. Their history stretches back hundreds of years, and today they are living much as they always have. Their cattle herds are their most important possession, creating a great need for land. They are nomadic, traveling with their herds in search for pasture. The Masai live almost exclusively off their cattle. Agriculture isn't normally part of their way of life, but is becoming necessary as their territories shrink.
Kenya’s Coat of Arms
The shape of the shield and spears are those used by the Masai tribe. “Harambee” is the motto of the chief political party and means “all pull together.” The lions represent the courage of the freedom fighters, urging citizens of sovereign Kenya to protect their country. The shield symbolizes defense and loyalty. On the shield, there is black to symbolize the native people, red representing the blood shed fighting for independence, and green for Kenya's fertility.
